Common accessibility issues and how to solve them

What are accessibility errors?

Accessibility errors are issues within a website that prevent people with disabilities from fully accessing or using the site. They can also create a poorer experience for everyone. These errors can range from simple design flaws to more complex coding issues that can create significant barriers for users. Not only can they exclude people from using your website, but they could be putting you at risk of legal action.

Common accessibility issues and their impact on charity websites

1. Missing text alternatives for non-text content

One common issue is non-text content like images, videos, and infographics that lack descriptive alt text. This can prevent visually impaired users who rely on screen readers from understanding the content, leading to missed information and frustration. The solution is to ensure all non-text content has descriptive alt text and to provide captions and transcripts for videos.

2. Low colour contrast

Another frequent problem is insufficient contrast between text and background colours, which can make it difficult for users with visual impairments, including colour blindness, to read text or distinguish elements on the page. The fix for this is to use tools like colour contrast checkers to ensure sufficient contrast, aiming for a contrast ratio of at least 4.5:1 for normal text and 3:1 for large text.

3. Lack of keyboard accessibility

Interactive elements such as links, buttons, and forms that cannot be accessed or operated using a keyboard present a significant barrier for users with motor disabilities who rely on keyboard navigation. Ensuring that all interactive elements are keyboard accessible (for example, tabbable or focusable) and testing your website by navigating it using only a keyboard can address this issue.

4. Inaccessible forms

Forms that are not correctly labelled or are difficult to navigate can be challenging for users with disabilities, leading to abandoned submissions and missed opportunities for engagement. Properly labelling all form fields, ensuring the tab order is logical, and using descriptive labels and error messages can make forms more accessible.

5. Missing ARIA landmarks

The lack of ARIA (Accessible Rich Internet Applications) landmarks, which provide additional information to assistive technologies, can make it hard for screen reader users to navigate the site effectively. Implementing ARIA landmarks to define regions of the page, such as navigation, main content, and complementary content, can help screen reader users understand and navigate the layout.

6. Unresponsive design

Websites that are not optimised for different screen sizes and devices can be difficult for users on mobile devices or with low vision to navigate and read. Developing a responsive design that adjusts to various screen sizes and testing your site on multiple devices can ensure a consistent and accessible experience.

7. Confusing navigation

Complex or inconsistent navigation menus can make it difficult for users, particularly those with cognitive impairments, to find the information they need, leading to frustration and reduced engagement. Simplifying navigation menus, ensuring consistency across all pages, and using clear labels and logical grouping of menu items can significantly improve navigation.

How to fix these accessibility issues

Addressing common accessibility issues on charity websites is not just about compliance; it’s about inclusivity and ensuring everyone can access and benefit from your mission. By tackling these common problems, you can improve user experience, engagement, and support for your cause.

While some accessibility fixes can be implemented by your team, conducting a thorough accessibility audit can identify all the issues and provide a comprehensive plan for addressing them. An audit will help you:

• Understand the specific accessibility issues on your site
• Receive actionable recommendations for improvements
• Ensure compliance with accessibility standards and regulations